Repenser le bien-être des médecins : le rôle de l’intelligence artificielle dans la lutte contre l’épuisement professionnel au Canada
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.18192/osurj.v5i1.7626Résumé
L’épuisement professionnel parmi les médecins canadiens et les stagiaires en médecine est un problème est urgent, même si les facteurs et les manifestations de l'épuisement professionnel diffèrent selon les groupes. L’aggravation de la pénurie de personnel et la détérioration de la qualité des soins aux patients soulignent l’urgence de la situation. Les programmes de bien-être traditionnels ont connu un succès inconsistant, ce qui met en évidence la nécessité d’innover. Cet article de synthèse explore comment l'intelligence artificielle (IA) pourrait soutenir la santé mentale tout au long du parcours de formation et de pratique médicale. Les données probantes actuelles couvrent plusieurs stades de développement : des études pilotes initiales et des essais de faisabilité démontrent un engagement prometteur et une réduction des symptômes, tandis qu'un nombre plus restreint d'essais contrôlés randomisés apportent des preuves préliminaires d'efficacité. Cependant, les études d'implantation à grande échelle restent peu nombreuses et de nombreux outils doivent encore être validés en situation clinique réelle. Les résultats actuels doivent donc être interprétés comme préliminaires et non comme définitifs. Certains modèles d'apprentissage automatique se sont révélés prometteurs pour identifier les professionnels de santé à risque d'épuisement professionnel, mais ces résultats demeurent préliminaires et nécessitent une interprétation prudente. L'association des objets connectés aux données du lieu de travail permet une surveillance continue. L'IA peut renforcer les stratégies de bien-être grâce à une détection plus précoce et un accompagnement personnalisé; toutefois, les considérations éthiques demeurent essentielles, notamment la protection des données, les biais algorithmiques, le consentement éclairé pour les technologies de surveillance et le risque d'une culture de la surveillance, autant d'éléments qui nécessitent une gouvernance institutionnelle rigoureuse.
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