Chromosomal instability and aneuploidy: a conundrum in cancer evolution
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.18192/osurj.v1i1.3690Résumé
L’instabilité chromosomique (INC) est définie comme étant un taux accru de gain ou de perte de chromosomes entiers, qui mène à la formation de cellules aneuploïdes, des cellules avec un nombre anormal de chromosomes. Tous deux l’INC et l’aneuploïdie sont des caractéristiques du cancer, mais leurs mécanismes sous-jacents et leur impact sur la tumourogenèse demeurent ambigus. Bien que plusieurs mécanismes aient été proposés pour expliquer le rôle de l’INC et de l’aneuploïdie dans la tumourogenèse, cet article se concentre sur trois voies principales conduisant à l’INC : les défauts de points de contrôle de l’assemblage du fuseau mitotique, les attachements méroteliques et les défauts de cohésion. Ici, nous fournissons un bref aperçu de la compréhension actuelle des rôles de ces mécanismes impliqués dans l’INC et l’aneuploïdie. Nous présentons également des preuves émergentes qui contredisent l’importance de certains mécanismes dans l’évolution du cancer. Une meilleure compréhension de ces voies fondamentales pourrait s’avérer utile dans le développement de thérapies anticancéreuses efficaces.
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