Facteurs sociodémographiques associés à l’accès aux soins préventifs pour les enfants: analyse secondaire des données du National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) 2022 aux États-Unis
Analyse secondaire des données de l'enquête nationale sur la santé des enfants aux États-Unis (2022)
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.18192/osurj.v4i1.7419Résumé
Depuis le début du 21ᵉ siècle, il y a un déclin continu des examens physiques, des vaccinations retardées et des visites médicales des enfants. Cette étude examine les facteurs sociodémographiques, incluant les niveaux de pauvreté dépendant (NPD), le statut d’emploi, l’adéquation de l’assurance et la race, qui influencent l’accessibilité aux soins préventifs. Les données de cette recherche proviennent de l’enquête du National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) de 2022, qui a interrogé 53 621 participants issus de milieux socioéconomiques et raciaux variés. Cette étude utilise une analyse de régression binaire et les tests du chi carré de Pearson pour examiner et tester l’association entre les facteurs clés et l’accès aux soins. Par exemple, les participants appartenant au niveau de pauvreté le plus bas (0-99%) ont présenté des résultats de santé moins favorables (27,2%) comparativement à ceux ayant un revenu de 400% ou plus (12,4%). De plus, en comparaison avec les participants sans emplois ou non rémunérés, les participants travaillant à temps plein sont associés à de meilleurs résultats de santé (OR=1.219, 95% CI = 1.100, 1.352). Les minorités raciales, notamment les participants hispaniques (OR = 0,763), noirs (OR = 0,801) et asiatiques (OR = 0,553), ont présenté des probabilités moindres d’avoir des résultats positifs par rapport aux participants d’origine blanche. Cette recherche vise à encourager la création de stratégies d’intervention ciblées sur la réduction de la pauvreté, la stabilité des revenus et un accès équitable et universel aux mesures préventives pour les enfants de diverses populations.
Mots-clés: soins préventifs, enfants, facteurs sociodémographiques, États-Unis.
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