Repenser le dogme central : les amyloïdes protéiques agissant comme vecteurs de mémoire épigénétique transgénérationnelle
Commentaire sur « Hérédité non canonique de l’information phénotypique par les amyloïdes protéiques » par Matthew Eroglu et al. (2 septembre 2024)
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.18192/osurj.v5i1.8094Résumé
Les acides nucléiques restent le principal mécanisme de transmission d’informations héréditaires à travers les générations. Malgré les avancées dans les études d’association à l’échelle du génome et les mécanismes de reprogrammation épigénétique, de nombreux traits familiaux et susceptibilités aux maladies restent inexpliqués, un écart connu sous le nom de « manque d’héritabilité » (1). Conventionnellement, l’hérédité épigénétique est attribuée à de petits ARN ou à des modifications de chromatine/histones. Cependant, une découverte révolutionnaire de Matthew Eroglu et de ses collègues a identifié des agrégats protéiques amyloïdes chez Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) qui persistent à travers les générations pour influencer les phénotypes développementaux. Cela suggère que les protéines peuvent agir comme porteuses indépendantes de la mémoire épigénétique transgénérationnelle. Ce commentaire examine comment ces résultats remettent en question le dogme central, élargissent les modèles d’hérédité et redéfinissent les amyloïdes au-delà de la pathologie des maladies.
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