Effects of Bisphenol A and Diethylstilbestrol on Estrogen Receptor Expression and Male Fertility
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.18192/riss-ijhs.v2i1.1523Mots-clés :
Bisphénol A, diéthylstilbestrol, Agents Perturbateurs Endocriniens (APE), xéno-oestrogènes, infécondité masculine, spermatogenèse, Récepteur des Œstrogènes Alpha (ERα), Récepteur des Œstrogènes Beta (ERβ), Récepteur couplé à une Protéine GRésumé
On définit l’infécondité comme l’incapacité d’un couple à concevoir un enfant après un an de rapports sexuels sans protection. Les pathologies masculines de reproduction sont la principale cause d’au moins 20% des cas d’infécondité, si bien que l’infécondité masculine est un problème important pour la santé globale de la population. Les agents perturbateurs endocriniens (APE) peuvent provoquer une dégradation de la spermatogenèse en provoquant des déséquilibres hormonaux et des changements morphologiques. Le DES et le BPA sont tous les deux des œstrogènes exogènes, également appelés xéno-œstrogènes. L’œstrogène joue un rôle important au niveau de la fertilité des hommes, ainsi que des femmes, car il influe sur l’équilibre endocrinien global requis pour permettre la spermatogenèse. On peut surveiller ses effets sur l’axe hypothalamique-pituitaire-gonadal en évaluant la sur-régulation des récepteurs des œstrogènes α et -B (ERα et ERβ), ainsi que le récepteur 30 couplé à une protéine G (GPR30), qui est un nouveau récepteur des œstrogènes. Il y a une controverse à propos des mécanismes de perturbation endocrinienne associés à ces produits chimiques, pour savoir si leurs effets négatifs sur la fertilité apparaissent à faible dose, ou seulement à forte dose, ce qui est systématiquement toxique. Une analyse de la documentation associée à cette recherche nous permettra de mieux comprendre les bases moléculaires de la dégradation de la spermatogenèse et de la fertilité masculine, associée à l’exposition aux APE, et en particulier au DES et au BPA. Les résultats de cette étude viendront améliorer les connaissances dans les domaines de la santé de la population, de la salubrité de l’environnement et de la génétique moléculaire. Nous espérons que, grâce à une connaissance plus approfondie de l’impact des APE sur la fertilité, les gouvernements pourront empêcher que les gens y soient exposés, en réglementant mieux l’emploi de produits comme le DES ou le BPA.
Références
Adamsson, N. A., Brokken, L. J., Paranko, J., & Toppari, J. (2008). In vivo and in vitro effects of flutamide and diethylstilbestrol on fetal testicular steroidogenesis in the rat. Reproductive Toxicology, 25(1), 76-83. doi: 10.1016/ j.reprotox.2007.08.001
Aikawa, H., Koyama, S., Matsuda, M., Nakahashi, K., Akazome, Y., & Mori, T. (2004). Relief effect of vitamin A on the decreased motility of sperm and the increased incidence of malformed sperm in mice exposed neonatally to bisphenol A. Cell and Tissue Research, 315(1), 119-24. doi: 10.1007/ s00441-003-0806-1
Akingbemi, B. T. (2005). Estrogen regulation of testicular function. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 3, 51-64. doi: 10.1186/1477-7827-3-51
Anahara, R., Yoshida, M., Toyama, Y., Maekawa, M., Kai, M., Ishino, F.... & Mori, C. (2006). Estrogen agonists, beta-estradiol, bisphenol A, and diethylstilbestrol, decrease cortactin expression in the mouse testis. Archives of Histology and Cytology, 69(2), 101-107. doi: 10.1679/ aohc.69.101
Benachour, N., Moslemi, S., Sipahutar, H., & Seralini, G. E. (2007). Cytotoxic effects and aromatase inhibition by xenobiotic endocrine disrupters alone and in combination. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 222(2), 129- 140. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2007.03.033
Cederroth, C. R., Schaad, O., Descombes, P., Chambon, P., Vassalli, J. D., & Nef, S. (2007). Estrogen receptor alpha is a major contributor to estrogen-mediated fetal testis dysgenesis and cryptorchidism. Endocrinology, 148(11), 5507- 5519. doi: 10.1210/en.2007-0689
Filardo, E., Quinn, J., Pang, Y., Graeber, C., Shaw, S., Dong, J., & Thomas, P. (2007). Activation of the novel estrogen receptor G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) at the plasma membrane. Endocrinology, 148(7), 3236-3245. doi: 10.1210/en.2006-1605
Foster, W. G., Neal, M. S., Han, M. S., & Dominguez, M. M. (2008). Environmental contaminants and human infertility: Hypothesis or cause for concern? Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B Critical Reviews, 11(3-4), 162-176. doi: 10.1080/10937400701873274
Funakoshi, T., Yanai, A., Shinoda, K., Kawano, M. M., & Mizukami, Y. (2006). G protein-coupled receptor 30 is an estrogen receptor in the plasma membrane. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 346(3), 904- 910. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.05.191
Heindel, J. J. (2003). Endocrine Disruptors and Human Health. World Health Organization. Report of the joint IPCS-Japan workshop on “Endocrine disruptors: Research needs and future directions,” 19-22. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/endocrine_disruptors/en/ japan_workshop_report.pdf
Hendry, W. J. 3rd, Weaver, B.P., Naccarato, T. R., & Khan, S. A. (2006) Differential progression of neonatal diethyl-stilbestrol-induced disruption of the hamster testis and seminal vesicle. Reproductive Toxicology, 21(3), 225-240. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2005.09.014
Hong, Y., Wang, J., Zhang, P., Yang, S., Song, K., Yu, F., & Liu, W. (2010) Histopathological and gene expression analysis of mice exposed to diethylstilbestrol. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 20(3), 105-111. doi: 10.3109/15376510903572631
Kato, H., Furuhashi, T., Tanaka, M., Katsu, Y., Watanabe, H., Ohta, Y., & Iguchi, T. (2006). Effects of bisphenol A given neonatally on reproductive functions of male rats. Reproductive Toxicology, 22(1), 20-29. doi: 10.1016/ j.reprotox.2005.10.003
Kobayashi, T., Shirai, M., Sakaue, M., Murakami, M., Ochiai, H., Arishima, K., & Yamamoto, M. (2009). Effects of maternal exposure to low doses of DES on testicular steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis in male rat offspring. The Journal of Reproduction and Development, 55(6), 629-637. doi: 10.1262/jrd.20223
Koh, K. B., Toyama, Y., Komiyama, M., Adachi, T., Fukata, H., & Mori, C. (2006). Neonatal administration of diethylstilbestrol has adverse effects on somatic cells rather than germ cells. Reproductive Toxicology, 22(4), 746-53. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2006.07.006.
Li, D., Zhou, Z., Qing, D., He, Y., Wu, T., Miao, M...& Yuan W. (2009). Occupational exposure to bisphenol-A (BPA) and the risk of self-reported male sexual dysfunction. Human Reproduction, 25(2), 519-527. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dep381
Ma, A., Yang, X., Wang, Z., Shi, D., & Chen, Y. (2008). Adult exposure to diethylstilbestrol induces spermatogenic cell apoptosis in vivo through increased oxidative stress in male hamster. Reproductive Toxicology, 25(3), 367-373. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2007.12.007
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp (2006a). Bisphenol A product monograph. In the Merck Index Online. Retrieved from https://www.rsc.org/merck-index/
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp (2006b). Diethylstilbestrol product monograph. In the Merck Index Online. Retrieved from https://www.rsc.org/merck-index/
Mikkilä, T. F., Toppari, J., & Paranko, J. (2006). Effects of neonatal exposure to 4-tert-octylphenol, diethylstilbestrol, and flutamide on steroidogenesis in infantile rat testis. Toxicological Sciences: an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, 91(2), 456-466. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj156
Nakamura, D., Yanagiba, Y., Duan, Z., Ito, Y., Okamura, A., Asaeda, N... & Nakajima, T. (2010). Bisphenol A may cause testosterone reduction by adversely affecting both testis and pituitary systems similar to estradiol. Toxicology Letters, 194(1-2), 16-25. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.02.002
O’Donnell, L., Robertson, K. M., Jones, M. E., & Simpson, E. R. (2001). Estrogen and spermatogenesis. Endocrine Reviews, 22(3), 289-318. doi: 10.1210/er.22.3.289
Otto, C., Fuchs, I., Kauselmann, G., Kern, H., Zevnik, B., Andreasen, P.,... Fritzemeier, K.H. (2009). GPR30 does not mediate estrogenic responses in reproductive organs in mice. Biology of Reproduction, 80(1), 34-41. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.108.071175
Phillips, K. P., & Foster, W. G. (2008a). Endocrine toxicants with emphasis on human health risks. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B Critical Reviews, 11(3-4), 149-151. doi: 10.1080/00927870701873115
Phillips, K. P., & Foster, W. G. (2008b). Key developments in endocrine disrupter research and human health. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B Critical Reviews, 11(3-4), 322-344. doi: 10.1080/10937400701876194
Phillips, K. P., Foster, W. G., Leiss, W., Sahni, V., Karyakina, N., Turner, M. C... & Krewski, D. (2008). Assessing and managing risks arising from exposure to endocrine-active chemicals. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B Critical Reviews, 11(3-4), 351-372. doi: 10.1080/10937400701876657
Phillips, K. P., & Tanphaichitr N. (2008). Human exposure to endocrine disrupters and semen quality. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews, 11(3-4), 188-220. doi: 10.1080/10937400701873472
Salian, S., Doshi, T., & Vanage, G. (2009a). Impairment in protein expression profile of testicular steroid receptor coregulators in male rat offspring perinatally exposed to bisphenol A. Life Sciences, 85(1-2), 11-18. doi: 10.1016/ j.lfs.2009.04.005
Salian, S., Doshi, T., & Vanage, G. (2009b). Neonatal exposure of male rats to bisphenol A impairs fertility and expression of sertoli cell junctional proteins in the testis. Toxicology, 265(1- 2), 56-67. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2009.09.012
Salian, S., Doshi, T., & Vanage, G. (2009c). Perinatal exposure of rats to bisphenol A affects the fertility of male off- spring. Life Sciences, 85(21- 22), 742-752. doi: 10.1016/ j.lfs.2009.10.004
Shin, J. H., Kim, T. S., Kang, I. H., Kang, T. S., Moon, H. J., & Han, S. Y. (2009). Effects of postnatal administration of diethylstilbestrol on puberty and thyroid function in male rats. Journal of Reproduction and Development, 55(5), 461-466. doi: 10.1262/jrd.20169
Tyl, R. W., Myers, C. B., Marr, M. C., Sloan, C. S., Castillo, N. P., Veselica, M. M.... & Waechter, J. M. Jr. (2008). Two-generation reproductive toxicity study of dietary bisphenol A in CD-1 (Swiss) mice. Toxicological Sciences, 104(2), 362 -384. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfn084
Tyshenko, M. G., Phillips, K. P., Mehta, M., Poirier, R., & Leiss W. (2008). Risk communication of endocrine-disrupting chemicals: improving knowledge translation and transfer. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B Critical Reviews, 11(3-4), 345-350. doi: 10.1080/10937400701876293
Volle, D. H., Decourteix, M., Garo, E., McNeilly, J., Fenichel, P., Auwerx, J... & Benahmed, M. (2009). The orphan nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner mediates male infertility induced by diethylstilbestrol in mice. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 119(12), 3752-3764. doi: 10.1172/JCI38521
Warita, K., Sugawara, T., Yue, Z. P., Tsukahara, S., Mutoh, K., Hasegawa, Y... & Hoshi, N. (2006). Progression of the dose-related effects of estrogenic endocrine disruptors, an important factor in declining fertility, differs between the hypothalamo-pituitary axis and reproductive organs of male mice. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 68(12), 1257-1267. doi: 10.1292/jvms.68.1257
Aikawa, H., Koyama, S., Matsuda, M., Nakahashi, K., Akazome, Y., & Mori, T. (2004). Relief effect of vitamin A on the decreased motility of sperm and the increased incidence of malformed sperm in mice exposed neonatally to bisphenol A. Cell and Tissue Research, 315(1), 119-24. doi: 10.1007/ s00441-003-0806-1
Akingbemi, B. T. (2005). Estrogen regulation of testicular function. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 3, 51-64. doi: 10.1186/1477-7827-3-51
Anahara, R., Yoshida, M., Toyama, Y., Maekawa, M., Kai, M., Ishino, F.... & Mori, C. (2006). Estrogen agonists, beta-estradiol, bisphenol A, and diethylstilbestrol, decrease cortactin expression in the mouse testis. Archives of Histology and Cytology, 69(2), 101-107. doi: 10.1679/ aohc.69.101
Benachour, N., Moslemi, S., Sipahutar, H., & Seralini, G. E. (2007). Cytotoxic effects and aromatase inhibition by xenobiotic endocrine disrupters alone and in combination. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 222(2), 129- 140. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2007.03.033
Cederroth, C. R., Schaad, O., Descombes, P., Chambon, P., Vassalli, J. D., & Nef, S. (2007). Estrogen receptor alpha is a major contributor to estrogen-mediated fetal testis dysgenesis and cryptorchidism. Endocrinology, 148(11), 5507- 5519. doi: 10.1210/en.2007-0689
Filardo, E., Quinn, J., Pang, Y., Graeber, C., Shaw, S., Dong, J., & Thomas, P. (2007). Activation of the novel estrogen receptor G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) at the plasma membrane. Endocrinology, 148(7), 3236-3245. doi: 10.1210/en.2006-1605
Foster, W. G., Neal, M. S., Han, M. S., & Dominguez, M. M. (2008). Environmental contaminants and human infertility: Hypothesis or cause for concern? Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B Critical Reviews, 11(3-4), 162-176. doi: 10.1080/10937400701873274
Funakoshi, T., Yanai, A., Shinoda, K., Kawano, M. M., & Mizukami, Y. (2006). G protein-coupled receptor 30 is an estrogen receptor in the plasma membrane. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 346(3), 904- 910. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.05.191
Heindel, J. J. (2003). Endocrine Disruptors and Human Health. World Health Organization. Report of the joint IPCS-Japan workshop on “Endocrine disruptors: Research needs and future directions,” 19-22. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/endocrine_disruptors/en/ japan_workshop_report.pdf
Hendry, W. J. 3rd, Weaver, B.P., Naccarato, T. R., & Khan, S. A. (2006) Differential progression of neonatal diethyl-stilbestrol-induced disruption of the hamster testis and seminal vesicle. Reproductive Toxicology, 21(3), 225-240. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2005.09.014
Hong, Y., Wang, J., Zhang, P., Yang, S., Song, K., Yu, F., & Liu, W. (2010) Histopathological and gene expression analysis of mice exposed to diethylstilbestrol. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 20(3), 105-111. doi: 10.3109/15376510903572631
Kato, H., Furuhashi, T., Tanaka, M., Katsu, Y., Watanabe, H., Ohta, Y., & Iguchi, T. (2006). Effects of bisphenol A given neonatally on reproductive functions of male rats. Reproductive Toxicology, 22(1), 20-29. doi: 10.1016/ j.reprotox.2005.10.003
Kobayashi, T., Shirai, M., Sakaue, M., Murakami, M., Ochiai, H., Arishima, K., & Yamamoto, M. (2009). Effects of maternal exposure to low doses of DES on testicular steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis in male rat offspring. The Journal of Reproduction and Development, 55(6), 629-637. doi: 10.1262/jrd.20223
Koh, K. B., Toyama, Y., Komiyama, M., Adachi, T., Fukata, H., & Mori, C. (2006). Neonatal administration of diethylstilbestrol has adverse effects on somatic cells rather than germ cells. Reproductive Toxicology, 22(4), 746-53. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2006.07.006.
Li, D., Zhou, Z., Qing, D., He, Y., Wu, T., Miao, M...& Yuan W. (2009). Occupational exposure to bisphenol-A (BPA) and the risk of self-reported male sexual dysfunction. Human Reproduction, 25(2), 519-527. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dep381
Ma, A., Yang, X., Wang, Z., Shi, D., & Chen, Y. (2008). Adult exposure to diethylstilbestrol induces spermatogenic cell apoptosis in vivo through increased oxidative stress in male hamster. Reproductive Toxicology, 25(3), 367-373. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2007.12.007
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp (2006a). Bisphenol A product monograph. In the Merck Index Online. Retrieved from https://www.rsc.org/merck-index/
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp (2006b). Diethylstilbestrol product monograph. In the Merck Index Online. Retrieved from https://www.rsc.org/merck-index/
Mikkilä, T. F., Toppari, J., & Paranko, J. (2006). Effects of neonatal exposure to 4-tert-octylphenol, diethylstilbestrol, and flutamide on steroidogenesis in infantile rat testis. Toxicological Sciences: an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, 91(2), 456-466. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfj156
Nakamura, D., Yanagiba, Y., Duan, Z., Ito, Y., Okamura, A., Asaeda, N... & Nakajima, T. (2010). Bisphenol A may cause testosterone reduction by adversely affecting both testis and pituitary systems similar to estradiol. Toxicology Letters, 194(1-2), 16-25. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.02.002
O’Donnell, L., Robertson, K. M., Jones, M. E., & Simpson, E. R. (2001). Estrogen and spermatogenesis. Endocrine Reviews, 22(3), 289-318. doi: 10.1210/er.22.3.289
Otto, C., Fuchs, I., Kauselmann, G., Kern, H., Zevnik, B., Andreasen, P.,... Fritzemeier, K.H. (2009). GPR30 does not mediate estrogenic responses in reproductive organs in mice. Biology of Reproduction, 80(1), 34-41. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.108.071175
Phillips, K. P., & Foster, W. G. (2008a). Endocrine toxicants with emphasis on human health risks. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B Critical Reviews, 11(3-4), 149-151. doi: 10.1080/00927870701873115
Phillips, K. P., & Foster, W. G. (2008b). Key developments in endocrine disrupter research and human health. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B Critical Reviews, 11(3-4), 322-344. doi: 10.1080/10937400701876194
Phillips, K. P., Foster, W. G., Leiss, W., Sahni, V., Karyakina, N., Turner, M. C... & Krewski, D. (2008). Assessing and managing risks arising from exposure to endocrine-active chemicals. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B Critical Reviews, 11(3-4), 351-372. doi: 10.1080/10937400701876657
Phillips, K. P., & Tanphaichitr N. (2008). Human exposure to endocrine disrupters and semen quality. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews, 11(3-4), 188-220. doi: 10.1080/10937400701873472
Salian, S., Doshi, T., & Vanage, G. (2009a). Impairment in protein expression profile of testicular steroid receptor coregulators in male rat offspring perinatally exposed to bisphenol A. Life Sciences, 85(1-2), 11-18. doi: 10.1016/ j.lfs.2009.04.005
Salian, S., Doshi, T., & Vanage, G. (2009b). Neonatal exposure of male rats to bisphenol A impairs fertility and expression of sertoli cell junctional proteins in the testis. Toxicology, 265(1- 2), 56-67. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2009.09.012
Salian, S., Doshi, T., & Vanage, G. (2009c). Perinatal exposure of rats to bisphenol A affects the fertility of male off- spring. Life Sciences, 85(21- 22), 742-752. doi: 10.1016/ j.lfs.2009.10.004
Shin, J. H., Kim, T. S., Kang, I. H., Kang, T. S., Moon, H. J., & Han, S. Y. (2009). Effects of postnatal administration of diethylstilbestrol on puberty and thyroid function in male rats. Journal of Reproduction and Development, 55(5), 461-466. doi: 10.1262/jrd.20169
Tyl, R. W., Myers, C. B., Marr, M. C., Sloan, C. S., Castillo, N. P., Veselica, M. M.... & Waechter, J. M. Jr. (2008). Two-generation reproductive toxicity study of dietary bisphenol A in CD-1 (Swiss) mice. Toxicological Sciences, 104(2), 362 -384. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfn084
Tyshenko, M. G., Phillips, K. P., Mehta, M., Poirier, R., & Leiss W. (2008). Risk communication of endocrine-disrupting chemicals: improving knowledge translation and transfer. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B Critical Reviews, 11(3-4), 345-350. doi: 10.1080/10937400701876293
Volle, D. H., Decourteix, M., Garo, E., McNeilly, J., Fenichel, P., Auwerx, J... & Benahmed, M. (2009). The orphan nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner mediates male infertility induced by diethylstilbestrol in mice. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 119(12), 3752-3764. doi: 10.1172/JCI38521
Warita, K., Sugawara, T., Yue, Z. P., Tsukahara, S., Mutoh, K., Hasegawa, Y... & Hoshi, N. (2006). Progression of the dose-related effects of estrogenic endocrine disruptors, an important factor in declining fertility, differs between the hypothalamo-pituitary axis and reproductive organs of male mice. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 68(12), 1257-1267. doi: 10.1292/jvms.68.1257
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