Integrating Pharmacogenomics into Clinical Practice
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Abstract
Pharmacogenomics has the potential to improve patient-centered care and lead to an overall decrease in healthcare costs. This would be achieved through fewer hospitalizations due to adverse drug reactions, individualized and effective therapies, and decreased drug development costs with single nucleotide polymorphism pre-screening. Although challenges do exist in encouraging the use of pharmacogenomics―specifically in regards to resources, regulation, and impacts on the pharmaceutical industry―the benefits may outweigh the costs in terms of patient health and safety. In implementing pharmacogenomics, various clinical, ethical, legal, social and economical factors must be considered.
La pharmacogénomique aurait le potentiel de diminuer le coût des soins de santé et d’optimiser les soins primaires aux patients. Il serait possible d’y parvenir en réduisant les hospitalisations suite aux effets secondaires associés aux médicaments, en utilisant des thérapies individualisées plus efficaces et en diminuant le coût associé au développement de médicaments grâce au test de dépistage de polymorphisme d’un seul nucléotide. Malgré les défis associés à l’utilisation de la pharmacogénomique surtout sur le plan des ressources, de la régulation et de l’impact dans l’industrie pharmaceutique, les avantages en terme de santé et de sécurité sont à considérer. Plusieurs facteurs cliniques, éthiques, légaux, sociaux, et économiques doivent être pris en considération pour l’utilisation de la pharmacogénomique.
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